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CH451- Biochemistry II Resources 

WOU Chemistry Program Outcomes

Class Objectives and Goals

Week 1: Amino Acid Review and Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Week 2: Glycogen Biosynthesis and Metabolism

Week 3: Biochemical Energy Generation and Utilization

Week 4: Glycolysis

Week 5: Gluconeogenesis and the Kreb Cycle

Week 6: The Kreb Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Week 7: Ethanol Metabolism and Reactive Oxygen Species

Week 8: Introduction to Lipids

Week 9: Lipid Metabolism

Week 10: Lipid Metabolism

WOU Chemistry Program Outcomes:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of major concepts, theoretical principles and experimental findings in chemistry. (PS)
2. Employ critical thinking and quantitative analytical skills to solve problems, and evaluate scientific data. (Q)
3. Use and apply of laboratory methods and scientific instrumentation to investigate a scientific hypothesis, conduct experiments, analyze data, and interpret results. (IA)
4. Demonstrate effective written and oral communication skills including the ability to transmit complex scientific or technical information in a clear and concise manner. (W)
5. Gather, comprehend, apply, and communicate credible information on scientific and technical topics and recognize the proper use of scientific data, principles and theories to assess the quality of stated conclusions. (IA)
6. Demonstrate ethical awareness and conduct with regards to: (1) honesty in data reporting; (2) the safety of practitioners, test subjects and the local community/environment; and (3) their social responsibility to recognize the impact that our actions have on the natural and human world. (PS)

Class Objectives and Goals:

This course is designed for upper division undergraduate students that are interested in learning about how life works. It is highly recommended for students that are interested in pursuing a graduate or professional degree in the medical sciences. The course is designed in two installments:  Biochemistry I offered in the fall term, and Biochemistry II offered in the winter term. The focus of Biochemistry II is on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as the processes of cellular energy production and utilization.  Within these process, we will engage in the detailed exploration of biological macromolecule structure and function with emphasis on the mechanisms of protein/ligand binding, metabolic pathways and regulatory enzyme mechanisms. By the end of the second quarter, you should be able to:

• Read background information, collect, analyze or interpret data for the purpose of oral discussion or written scientific reports or reviews.
  Aligns to:
  • Chemistry Program Outcome 2
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• Prepare and present a project on a complex biochemical topic (could be in in the format of a video, blog, podcast, review paper, etc)
  Aligns to:
  • Chemistry Program Outcomes 4 and 5
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• Explain how the metabolism of glucose leads ultimately to the generation of large quantities of ATP.
  Aligns to:
  • Chemistry Program Outcome 1
• Describe how fats, proteins, and amino acids are metabolized, and explain how they can be used for fuel.
  Aligns to:
  • Chemistry Program Outcome 1

• Explain the process of photosynthesis and the conversion of carbon dioxide into biomass
  Aligns to:
  • Chemistry Program Outcome 1

Background Reading Sources:

Week 1: Amino Acid Review and Carbohydrate Structure and Function

• Review of Amino Acids and Chirality – , ,
• Carbohydrates Part 1: Monosaccharide Structure – , ,
• Carbohydrates Part 2: Monosaccharide Cyclization – , ,
• Carbohydrates Part 3: Sugar Isomerase Enzymes – , ,
• Carbohydrates Part 4: Disaccharides, Oligosaccharides, and Polysaccharides – ,
• Carbohydrates Part 5: Sugar Derivatives and Their Functions – , ,

Week 2: Glycogen Biosynthesis and Metabolism

• Insulin Signaling – ,
• Glycogenesis – ,
• Glucagon Signaling in the Liver – , ,
• Glycogenolysis – , ,
• Regulation of Glycogenolysis – , ,

Week 3: Biochemical Energy Generation and Utilization

• The Neuron and Action Potential – , ,
• Motor Proteins and Muscle Contraction – , ,
• Glucose Uptake and ATP Recycling – , ,

Week 4: Glycolysis

• Glycolysis Part 1: General Overview – , PDF with Notes,
• Glycolysis Part 2: Hexokinase Isozymes – , PDF with Notes,
• Glycolysis Part 3: Regulation of Phosphofructokinase-1 – , PDF with Notes,
• Glycolysis Part 4: Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase – , PDF with Notes,
• Glycolysis Part 5: The Last Four Reactions and the End of Glycolysis – , PDF with Notes,

Week 5: Gluconeogenesis and the Kreb Cycle

• Gluconeogenesis Part 1: Pyruvate Carboxylase Enzyme – , PDF with Notes,
• Gluconeogenesis Part 2: Malate-Aspartate Shuttle System – , PDF with Notes,
• Gluconeogenesis Part 3: PEPCK and Glucose Production – , PDF with Notes,
• Kreb Cycle Part 1: Introduction to the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex – , ,

Week 6: The Kreb Cycle, Electron Transport Chain, and Oxidative Phosphorylation

• Kreb Cycle Part 2: The Reactions – , ,
• Electron Transport Chain Part 1: Complex I – The NADH/Q Oxidoreductase – , PDF with Notes,
• Electron Transport Chain Part 2: Complex II – Succinate/Q Reductase – , PDF with Notes,
• Electron Transport Chain Part 3: Complex III – The Q/Cytochrome C Oxidoreductase – , PDF with Notes,
• Electron Transport Chain Part 4: Complex IV – Cytochrome C Oxidase – , PDF with Notes,
• ATP Synthase Enzyme – , ,
• Glycolysis – The Fate of NADH – , ,

Week 7: Ethanol Metabolism and Reactive Oxygen Species

• Ethanol Production and Metabolism – , ,
• Reactive Oxygen Species –, ,
• Autophagy – , ,
• Apoptosis – , ,

Week 8: Introduction to Lipids

• Lipids Part 1: Fatty Acid Structure – , PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 2: Triacylglycerides – , PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 3: Phospoholipids –  PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 4: Waxes – , PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 5: Steroids – , PDF with Notes,

Week 9: Lipid Metabolism

• Lipid Part 6:  Digestion and Transportation – , PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 7: Adipose Tissue – , PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 8: Beta-Oxidation – , PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 9: The Energy of Lipids – , PDF with Notes,

Week 10: Lipid Metabolism

• Lipids Part 10: Beta-Oxidation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids – , PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 11: Beta-Oxidation of Odd Chain and Unusual Fatty Acids – , PDF with Notes,
• Lipids Part 12: Ketone Bodies – , PDF with Notes,